THE RICH MUSICAL HERITAGE OF UZBEKISTAN

Uzbekistan is one of the cradles of human civilization, a country with a rich historical past. The culture of our people - one of the most unique and original, which has evolved over thousands of years. Since ancient times the territory of Uzbekistan to develop various kinds of arts, including music.

Artefacts and extant written records about the ancient origins of the musical heritage of the Uzbek people. On the monuments of the fine arts related to the culture of the Kushan period, you can see images of musicians. One of them is represented in the frieze with string harp tool in the hands, the other with a ghost, like the flute, and the third with two-sided drum elongated shape. From this we can conclude that Kushans and Sogdians knew the basic types of tools and used them both solo and in ensemble.

In the IX-XII centuries ("Renaissance"), Samarkand, Bukhara, Merv, Urgench and other cities become the leading scientific and cultural centers. Local traditions in all fields of science, literature and art revived, created a huge amount of scientific treatises. The best examples of musical art have received generalized illumination in the treatises on music of Central Asian scientists encyclopedists like al-Farabi, Abu Ali ibn Sina, al-Khorezmi, Jami, and others.

With the independence of one of the priority tasks of the State is the revival and preservation of spiritual values ​​of the generations, respect for the cultural wealth of the country, honoring great ancestors. In recent years in Uzbekistan carried out considerable work on the deeper study and further development of the musical art. The country has created the necessary legal framework for the training of young talents. In particular, the Presidential Decree "On the improvement of music education activities of educational institutions of culture and arts in the Republic", "On measures to support and encourage the further development of theatrical and musical art in Uzbekistan", provides an opportunity for young people to get an education based on the traditions of the Uzbek culture and art, the world standards. They also serve as promotion of teachers, creative scientific workers in this sector, as well as strengthening the material-technical base of educational institutions of culture and the arts.

In all regions of the country are children of the school of music and art, equipped with the new musical instruments, cultural centers, colleges and high schools in areas of art. A special place in this list is the State Conservatory of Uzbekistan, which is considered the oldest in Central Asia higher musical institution. Thanks to the initiative of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan from March 22, 2002 the staff of the university carries out its activities in a new building. It is a beautiful building equipped with modern equipment and special tools, 305 classrooms and offices, 4 concert halls, 4 training studio, the Museum of national musical instruments, specialized research center, Publisher "Music", a music library, 4 gyms. Thus, here is everything you need for fruitful educational, artistic, scientific and performing work.

Also in our country, a large number of musical events of international importance designed to promote revival, preservation and enrichment of the traditions of folk music and academic performance skills. Among them are the International Music Festival "Sharq taronalari" ("Melodies of the East"), a biennial held in Samarkand. Here from around the world gather musicians and singers, who introduced the participants and guests of the festival with a unique national musical culture of their peoples.

In addition, the development of national musical art as an important means of educating youth in the spirit of love for the motherland, loyalty to the ideas of independence, respect for national traditions and values ​​in Uzbekistan held a variety of creative forums, festivals and competitions of national importance. These song contest as "Yagonasan, Muqaddas Vatan", "Nihol", "Mardi Maydoni" facilitate the identification of young talents in the field of national art of singing, their full support and stimulation. In order to strengthen the creative collaboration of poets, composers and performers, the Ministry of Culture and Sports in cooperation with Variety Association "Uzbeknavo" regularly hosts a variety of creative projects, forums.

Across the country, are monitored to identify and preserve intangible cultural heritage centers, including the performing arts such as "Bakhshi", "lapar", "poppy", "Yalla" and others. The country operates and management of academic folk art collectives, which combines State Choir, Chamber Orchestra "Turkistan" Classic Ensemble "Mumtoz" National Song and Dance Ensemble "Uzbekistan" Chamber Ensemble "Soloists of Uzbekistan", National Orchestra of Folk Instruments Taras Jalilov and Symphonic Orchestra. All of these groups are actively involved in the festivities dedicated to the Independence Day, Navruz and represent Uzbek musical creativity in various international scenes.

In recognition of the unique value of traditional musical and artistic heritage of the peoples of Uzbekistan is the fact that a number of phenomena of popular culture has been included in the UNESCO Representative List of the World "Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity". In particular, this heritage of Boysun as an example of conservation in the region of all kinds of folk art (traditional customs and rituals, oral poetic heritage, music); "Shashmaqom" as a unique musical heritage of art makomnogo nation, the phenomenon of spiritual culture of the peoples of Central Asia; original song genre of the Ferghana Valley "Katta ashula" with the features musical and poetic language and performance.

Thus, the musical art of Uzbekistan is rich and diverse forms and genres, is an integral part of national culture, a kind of way to communicate with the international community.

IA "Jahon"